ABSTRACT Purpose: to examine the influence of familial environment, parental perception, and socioeconomic conditions on the receptive vocabulary of elementary school children. Methods: an analytical cross-sectional observational study. The students were selected by stratified proportional sampling, using the Receptive Vocabulary Test. Those responsible for the children answered the anamnesis and the inventory of family environmental resources. Initially, a bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test, considering p<0.20. In the multivariate analysis of binary logistic regression, p<0.05 was considered, and the quality of the model was evaluated through the Hosmer-Lemeshow method. Results: out of the 263 students, 131 were males, 142 were in the third grade and were on average 7.6 years old (±0.57), and 111 had a low receptive vocabulary. In the bivariate analysis, there was a relationship between parental perception about learning to read and write, school failure, and the outcome (p<0.05). The variables environment, resources, and stability of family life were also used for multivariate analysis (p<0.20). Conclusion: Parental perception of difficulty in reading and writing and a lack of family stability were factors associated with poor receptive vocabulary.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a influência do ambiente familiar, percepção parental e condições socioeconômicas no vocabulário receptivo de escolares do ensino fundamental. Métodos: trata-se de estudo observacional transversal analítico. Os escolares, selecionados por amostragem proporcional estratificada, realizaram o Teste de Vocabulário Receptivo. Os responsáveis responderam à anamnese e ao Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar. Inicialmente, realizou-se análise bivariada pelo teste Qui-quadrado, considerando p<0,20. Na análise multivariada de regressão logística binária, considerou-se o valor p<0,05 e a qualidade do modelo foi avaliada pelo método Hosmer-Lemeshow. Resultados: dos 263 escolares, 131 são do sexo masculino, 142 do terceiro ano, possuem idade média de 7,6 anos (±0,57) e 111 apresentam vocabulário receptivo rebaixado. Na análise bivariada, observou-se relação entre percepção parental acerca do aprendizado da leitura, da escrita, repetência escolar e o desfecho (p<0,05). Também foram para análise multivariada as variáveis recursos do ambiente e estabilidade da vida familiar (p<0,20). Conclusão: a percepção parental de dificuldade de leitura e de escrita e a falta de estabilidade familiar foram fatores associados ao pior vocabulário receptivo.

Abstract Background Considering the importance of Executive Functions to clinical and nonclinical situations, Barkley proposed a new theory of executive functioning based on an evolutionary neuropsychological perspective and clinical research using large samples of clinical and community identified adults and children as well as children with ADHD followed to adulthood. Objective The present study aims to adapt the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functions Scales (BDEFS) to Brazilian Portuguese and also assess its construct validity in a sample of normal Brazilian adults. Methods The original version of scale was adapted to Brazilian Portuguese according to the guideline from the ISPOR Task Force. To assess the semantic equivalence between the original and adapted version, both of them were applied into a sample of 25 Brazilian bilingual adults. Finally, 60 Brazilian adults completed the BDEFS and the Brazilian versions of Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS-18) to assess convergent validity. Results The BDEFS Brazilian Portuguese version has semantic correspondence with the original version indicating that the adaptation procedure was successful. The BDEFS correlated significantly with the impulsivity and attention scores from the BIS-11 and ASRS-18 supporting its construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.961) indicated that the BDEFS translated version has satisfactory internal consistency. Discussion Together, these findings indicate the successful adaptation of the BDEFS to Brazilian Portuguese and support its utility in that population.

We conducted a transversal retrospective study with secondary data collection from 25 cases of sporotrichosis, treated at a teaching unit in inner São Paulo (Brazil), between the years 2003-2013. We found that the prevalence was higher in men (72%), rural workers (44%) and those living in rural areas (60%), with an average age of 42.48 years. The median between the onset of lesions and diagnosis was six weeks. Lesions predominated in the upper limbs (92%), and were classified as lymphocutaneous (80%) and fixed cutaneous (20%) forms. Clinical cure was observed in 62.5% of the cases treated with potassium iodide and 100% of cases treated with itraconazole.

BACKGROUND: American tegumentary leishmaniasis has an annual incidence of 1 to 1.5 million cases. In some cases, the patient's immune response can eliminate the parasite, and the lesion spontaneously resolves. However, when this does not occur, patients develop the disseminated form of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in cases of American tegumentary leishmaniasis. METHODS: A retrospective study of the medical records of 47 patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis. Clinical, laboratory and epidemiological data were collected, and semi-quantitative histopathological analyses were performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient (p <0.05). RESULTS: Mean patient age was 40.5 years. A total of 29.7% individuals were female and 70.2% were male, and 40.4% of the patients were farmers. The ulcerative form was found in 53.2% of patients, of whom 59.6% had lesions in the limbs. The average time to diagnosis was 22.3 months. The following positive correlations were significant: age and duration of the disease, Montenegro reaction, degree of granulomatous transformation and epithelioid cell count; duration of disease, Montenegro reaction and number of lymphocytes; epithelial hyperplasia and edema, hemorrhaging, and epithelial aggression; number of plasmocytes and number of parasites. The main negative correlations found were as follows: age and serology; time and parasite load; epithelial hyperplasia and degree of granulomatous transformation. CONCLUSION: The long duration of the disease could be explained by the fact that lesions were relatively asymptomatic, and therefore ignored by patients with low literacy levels. Individuals may have simply waited for spontaneous healing, which proved to be dependent on the activation of hypersensitivity mechanisms.

Descrevemos a variação espaço-temporal da assembleia de moluscos em uma baía costeira urbana próxima a uma Reserva Extrativista Marinha (RESEX), onde várias atividades humanas são realizadas. Análises uni e multivariadas foram realizadas, considerando as escalas espacial (seis estações de amostragem) e temporal (30 campanhas entre 2002 e 2008). Um total de 48 espécies foram identificadas, pertencentes a 28 famílias e distribuídas em 4 classes: Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polyplacophora e Scaphopoda. Duas associações foram reconhecidas. A associação Planície Arenosa teve uma contribuição de mais de 90% de Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin 1791) e maior diversidade e similaridade entre as campanhas. A associação Fundo Lamoso teve menor similaridade entre as campanhas, devido à baixa abundância de espécies. O hábito alimentar dos moluscos que compõem as associações também foi diferente entre as associações. O clima durante o período estudado apresentou um padrão sazonal, com pouca variação entre os anos, que foi seguido pela fauna. A maior diversidade foi detectada concomitantemente ao fim da construção de uma rodovia (Via Expressa Sul), evidência de uma rápida recolonização, possivelmente associada à proximidade de uma área protegida (RESEX). Ressaltamos a necessidade de conservação das planícies arenosas entre-marés , principalmente devido a sua alta diversidade, localização em zonas de transição entre os ecossistemas de água doce, marinho e terrestre (conectados a florestas de mangue), importância econômica e pressão antrópica.

have described the spatio-temporal variation of mollusc assemblage in a coastal urban bay near a Marine Extractive Reserve (RESEX), where several human activities are performed. Uni and multivariate analyses were conducted considering spatial (six sampling stations) and temporal scale (30 surveys from 2002 to 2008) and two associations were recognized. We identified 48 species from 28 families belonging to four classes: Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polyplacophora, and Scaphopoda. The Sand Tidal Flat association had a contribution of more than 90% of Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) as well as a higher diversity and similarity among surveys. The Mud Bottom association had a lower similarity among surveys due to the low abundance of species. The feeding habits of molluscs were different between the associations. The climate and the fauna followed a seasonal pattern, with low variance over years. The highest diversity was detected at the end of a highway construction, indicating a rapid recolonization, probably due to the proximity to a protected area. We highlight the need to the conservation of sand tidal flats, mostly because of their high diversity, location in a transitional zone between marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems (connected with mangrove forests), in addition to the economic importance, and anthropogenic pressure.

A variabilidade morfológica e morfométrica do pequeno loliginídeo costeiro Lolliguncula brevis foi avaliada ao longo da maior parte de sua amplitude latitudinal no hemisfério sul, ao longo da costa brasileira (8º S - 27º S). Uma homogeneidade na forma foi observada em toda sua área de ocorrência. Em termos de proporções corporais, não foram observados gradientes latitudinais evidentes, mas alguns "morfotipos" locais puderam ser distinguidos. O tamanho e as formas características, incluindo a presença de ventosas na membrana bucal, hectocótilo cerca de 20-40% maior do que o braço oposto ventral e a distinta morfologia da massa dos ovos sugerem que Lolliguncula ocorrentes no hemisférios norte e sul devam pertencer a táxons diferentes.

Morphological and morphometric variability of the small-sized coastal squid Lolliguncula brevis was assessed along the largest part of its latitudinal range in the southern hemisphere, off the Brazilian coast (8º S - 27º S). A general homogeneity in form was found throughout the entire latitudinal range. In terms of body proportions, no latitudinal gradients were evident, but a few local "morphotypes" could be distinguished. The distinctive egg mass morphology, and size and form features, including a hectocotylus 20-40% longer than the opposing ventral arm and the presence of suckers on the buccal membrane, indicated that Lolliguncula from northern and southern hemispheres might comprise two different taxa.

Este texto trata do uso da revista como fonte histórica, procurando apontar suas características de documento múltiplo para recuperação da História, insistindo na necessidade preliminar de sua crítica exaustiva, em função do caráter mercantil e/ou ideológico que preside tais publicações. Concomitantemente, levanta dois aspectos que demandam análise apurada: a segmentação que preside o periódico e que define sua linha editorial e as ilustrações que o compõe, sem perder de vista as seções que conformam a publicação. Toma como exemplo revistas paulistanas de 1890 a 1920.

This article deals with the use of magazines as sources of History, trying to point out its characteristics as a multiple document serving to recover history, also stressing the need of a preliminary, exhaustive critical evaluation, due to the mercantile and/or ideological nature of these publications. Concomitantly, the paper reveals two aspects that deserve an accurate study involving the magazines: the target reading population, which defines its editorial line, and the illustrations, important part of its core, not forgetting to mention the specific sections that complete the publications. The examples studied are magazines issued in São Paulo City, within the period 1890/1920.